HelpOffset.org is a foundation formed on January 15th, 2019 to research appropriate Geoengineering projects  to help offset global warming . A first scientifically recognized victory was achieved when a peer reviewed article with a significant breakthrough was published. See the MDPI Climate Journal on March 7th, 2023. The link is at MDPI.com/2225-1154/11/3/6#. The breakthrough is a new way of expressing the carbon equivalent of albedo enhancement. This allows reinterpretation of many geoengineering projects and natural phenomena.

The following is intended for those who are non-scientists to introduce the article linked again at the bottom. The article is a thumbnail sketch of a plan for a temporary solution to global warming. March 14, 2023

1. Albedo is a measure of the amount of solar radiation reflected back upwards, hopefully all the way to outer space, thus reducing the heating of the earth.
2. Low Albedo measures are from zero reflectivity (or radiative forcing) of something like a soft black surface. The ocean is as low as 0.06 so it soaks up most of the sunlight and heat.
3. High albedo is 1.0 where all radiation is being reflected off the surface. Fresh snow has an albedo of 0.8 to 0.9. So snow on sea ice reflects a lot of heat back into space. Snow with a dusting of soot from burning boreal forests has an albedo of 0.2 to 0.4 so it soaks up a lot of the sunlight and heat and melts.
4. See Wikipedia for more on Albedo https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albedo
5. Albedo Enhancement (AE) is the raising of albedo such as painting a building white, using white tiles to reroof a house, creating a new cloud, rejuvenating a salt flat or fertilizing the ocean to create reflective algae growth. All these reflect more heat back into space.
6. We need a vast amount of AE to deal with the current excess radiation and heat hitting the earth otherwise known as Earth Energy Imbalance (EEI).It is doable.
7. We need people all around the world to work on Albedo enhancement.
8. We are not slowing emissions from fossil fuels fast enough to save us from an out of control unredeemable overheated world. We need more time to invest the needed trillions of dollars in renewable energy, with technology we already have,  so that we still have the energy we need.
9. Storms cost $160 billion dollars in damage in the USA alone last year. Albedo enhancement might only cost $10 to $20 billion per annum to get the heat increase under control.
10. Albedo Enhancement will increase the fish in the ocean and help crops on land survive and reduce animal and people killing extreme heat waves.
11. Fertilizing the oceans to grow algae for reflection will capture carbon cheaper than any other methods and do so quickly and sequester perhaps 10% in the dark zone for 10 to 20 years.
12. The article attached lays out the different ways that Albedo Enhancement can be carried out while we still have time before we get run-away heat increases that even these methods will not halt.
13. A breakthrough was made in finding a direct relationship in numerical terms between the mass of CO2 when combined with other Green House Gas equivalents in the atmosphere, and the solar radiation. This enables a better understanding of temporary carbon capture, global warming, and other climate factors.
14. The first astonishing result the author found is that a cumulus cloud covering 1 square Km of certain reflectivity can have the temporary heat equivalent effect of removing 67,300 tons of Carbon Dioxide or 18,400 tons of carbon.
15. Using such Albedo Enhancement in a vast way will ‘buy time’ to reduce our emissions and is not a final solution.
16. We need to do both.

MDPI Climate Journal

https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/11/3/62#

Ken Lightburn

Help Offset Global Warming Foundation

ken@helpoffset.org 

We set out long ago to define the value of Ocean Supplied Artificial Desert Lakes (OsADL) , especially in below sea level endorheic lake beds such that water pumping costs are minimized.   In doing so have found ways to better express and cost and define many other Geoengineering (GeoE) projects and have now begun to make some of our results available in this article.  

If you’d like to contribute to our research efforts in other ways, please contact us at Ken@HelpOffset.org or Info@Helpoffset.org.